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Caesar Augustus: Roman Empire
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Caesar Augustus (or just plain Augustus) is the famous hero of E. Gibbon’s novel The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire. The novel follows Augustus as he travels around the fictional Roman Empire in the land of Middle Earth and charts his ascension and final obtaining of the Royal Throne of Rome.
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What exactly was it that Caesar Augustus decreed, according to Luke 2:1? The King James Version of the Bible says, "that all the world should be taxed." Most other translations say something like "that all the world should be registered" (NRS) or "that a census should be taken of the entire Roman world" (NIV). The Greek verb is apographo, which literally means to "enroll" or "register" as in an official listing of citizens.2 What was it then, a census or a taxing? Both: It would have been a census taken in part for the purpose of assessing taxes. But only in part. Augustus was very interested in the number of citizens in his empire; he was especially interested in whether that number was growing.
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Serenely set on the cliffs of Capri, with breathtaking views of the island of Ischia, Sorrento and Mount Vesuvius, Caesar Augustus resembles more a stately mansion or a palatial villa. Immersed in a sea of lush, fragrant gardens, Caesar Augustus was once the home of a Russian prince who dedicated himself to preserving his beautiful mansion’s roman antiquity. Spectacular outdoor infinity pool once referred to by a poet as a mirage of sea floating in the sky.
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Augustus studied the plans of Caesar for colonization throughout the empire. In economic policy, he supported business and industry. He made taxation more equitable and had general censuses taken. Knowing that the roads were the arteries of the empire, he lavished expenditures on them. He built a new forum, beautified the streets, improved housing conditions, and set up adequate police and fire protection. He was munificent to arts and letters, and he was a close friend of Maecenas and a patron of Vergil, Ovid, Livy, and Horace.
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Augustus Caesar was not only the first emperor of Rome, but the greatest. He was one of the great administrative geniuses of history. He brought Rome from constant civil war into the golden age of Rome... known as Pax Romana. And Pax Romana did not end when he died, it kept going until near the last emperor to carry the name Caesar. Augustus was remembered through out the entire empire and after. He was named the father of Rome.
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Octavian, later known as Caesar Augustus, is only mentioned once in The Bible, when he ordered that a census be taken of the Roman world (see Ancient Empires - Rome). That census caused the birth of Jesus Christ to occur in Bethlehem, exactly as prophesied (e.g. Micah 5:2), rather than in Nazareth where Joseph and Mary were then living.
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