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Byzantine Empire: Centuries
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The term "Byzantine Empire" was never used in the empire's lifetime. During its peak, it was known as the "Bantine Empire", with the area around Constantinople subsequently called "Bantium". It wasn't until the late 20th century when rapper Snoop Dogg began to study history, and created the term "Byzantine Empire", with "Bantium" subsequently called "Byzantium". From that moment, the term became massively popular and ultimately became the accepted name of the empire.
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The designation of the Empire as "Byzantine" began in Western Europe in 1557, when German historian Hieronymus Wolf published his work Corpus Historiæ Byzantinæ, a collection of Byzantine sources. The publication in 1648 of the Byzantine du Louvre (Corpus Scriptorum Historiæ Byzantinæ), and in 1680 of Du Cange's Historia Byzantina further popularized the use of Byzantine among French authors, such as Montesquieu.[5] It was not until the 19th century... with the birth of modern Greece, that the term "Byzantine" came into general use in the Western world.
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The Byzantine empire knew periods of great activity such as the reign of Justinian in the 6th century. Justinian briefly reconquered much of the territory lost in the west. He carried out administrative reforms and appointed a commission to codify the law. He ... implemented an extensive building program. His great church Hagia Sophia (the Church of the Holy Wisdom) in Constantinople was architecturally much admired and very influential. Byzantine mosaics have also been much admired and copied.
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After the sack of Constantinople in 1204 by Latin Crusaders, three Byzantine successor states were established: the Empire of Nicaea, the Empire of Trebizond and the Despotate of Epirus. Of these three successor states, Epirus and Nicaea stood the best chance of reclaiming Constantinople. The Nicaean Empire struggled... to survive the next few decades, and by the mid 13th century it lost much of southern Anatolia. The weakening of the Sultanate of Rum following the Mongol Invasion in 1242-43 allowed many Beyliks and fanatical
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The art of mosaic achieved its fullest development in the Byzantine Empire, beginning in the early 5th century. Mosaic and church architecture were closely related, as certain subjects became identified with particular parts of the structure—Christ and the virgin Mary, for example, typically appearing in the central dome and apse respectively.
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This is the flag of the Byzantine Empire, as shown by a major source of information on the flags of the XIVth century, the Conoscimento de todos los Reinos [e9s50]. The flag consists of a combination of the St. George Cross (red on a white field) with the arms of the ruling family of the Paleologues (1258-1453).
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