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Burundi
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Burundi is heavily dependent on bilateral and multilateral aid, with external debt totaling $1.4 billion in 2004. IMF structural adjustment programs in Burundi were suspended following the outbreak of violence in 1993; the IMF re-engaged Burundi in 2002 and 2003 with post-conflict credits, and in 2004 approved a $104 million Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility loan. The World Bank is preparing a Transition Support Strategy, and has identified key areas for potential growth, including the productivity of traditional crops and the introduction of new exports, light manufactures, industrial mining, and services. Both the IMF and the World Bank are assisting the Burundians to prepare a Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper. Serious economic problems include the state's role in the economy, the question of governmental transparency, and debt reduction.
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Like neighboring Rwanda, Burundi was plagued by a protracted and very violent civil war. The war eventually claimed the lives of over 300,000 civilians. The conflict had its origins in 1993, when the country held its first-ever democratic presidential election. The new president was assassinated within months of taking office and the army later overthrew his Hutu successors. This set the scene for years of violence between Hutu rebels and the Tutsi military.
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Burundi is divided into 16 provinces including Bujumbura City and 116 communes. Each province is administrated by a Governor and each commune by an Administrator. It should be noted that Bujumbura City is administrated by a Mayor.
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Burundi