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Buddhism: Siddhartha Gautama
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The religion of about one eighth of the world's people, Buddhism is the name for a complex system of beliefs developed around the teachings of a single man. The Buddha, whose name was Siddhartha Gautama, lived 2,500 years ago in India. There are now dozens of different schools of Buddhist philosophy throughout Asia.
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The founder of Buddhism is a Hindu, Sakyamuni (...: Siddhartha Gautama), meaning "the sage of the Shake tribe," a group that lived in what is today Nepal. His followers called him "the Buddha" or "enlightened one." Gautama lived from 563 to 483 B.C.E.
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Buddhism in India began with the life of Siddhartha Gautama (ca. 563-483 B.C.), a prince from the small Shakya Kingdom located in the foothills of the Himalayas in Nepal. Brought up in luxury, the prince abandoned his home and wandered forth as a religious beggar, searching for the meaning of existence.
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Buddhism developed out of the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama. Siddharth, was the prince of the Shakya nation, he had three palaces especially built for him. Siddhartha’s father, King Śuddhodana, wished for Siddhartha to be a great king, and shielded him from religious teachings and knowledge of human sufferings.
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Shakyamuni Buddha, the historical founder of Buddhism, was born in India approximately 2500 years ago. Shakyamuni Buddha was the son of Shuddhodana, the king of the Shakyas, a small tribe whose kingdom was located in the foothills of the Himalayas south of what is now central Nepal fifteen miles from Kapilavastu. Shakya of Shakyamuni is taken from the name of this tribe and muni means sage or saint. His family name was Gautama (Best Cow) and his given name was Siddhartha (Goal Achieved).
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The earliest phase of Buddhism (pre-sectarian Buddhism) recognized by nearly all scholars (the main exception is Dr Gregory Schopen,[54]) is based on a comparison of the Pali Canon with surviving portions of other early canons. Its main scriptures are the Vinaya Pitaka and the four principal Nikayas or Agamas. Some scholars believe this to be substantially the original teaching of the Buddha. Various scholars have stated that parts of the contents of the Pali Canon can (probably) be attributed to Gautama Buddha.[55][56][57][58]
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Siddhartha Gautama