LYCOS RETRIEVER 
Bromine
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Bromine is too reactive to exist as a free element in nature. Instead, it occurs in compounds, the most common of which are sodium bromide (NaBr) and potassium bromide (KBr). These compounds are found in seawater and underground salt beds. These salt beds were formed in regions where oceans once covered the land. When the oceans evaporated (dried up), salts were left behind—primarily sodium chloride (NaCl), potassium chloride (KCl), and sodium and potassium bromide. Later, movements of the Earth's crust buried the salt deposits.
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Bromine can be used for the disinfection of cooling tower water. Hypobromous acid is slightly less effective than hypochlorous acid in killing microorganisms. The pH value of the cooling water determines which form of bromine is present. When the pH value is below 8,7, more hypobromous acid (HOBr) is formed. This is more effective than hypobromite ions, which will be more abundant above pH 8,7. This is why bromine is a better disinfectant for alkalic cooling tower water than chlorine.
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Bromine was discovered by Antoine Balard at the salt marshes of Montpellier in 1826, but was not produced in quantity until 1860. The French chemist and physicist Joseph-Louis Gay-Lussac suggested the name bromine due to the characteristic smell of the vapors. Some ... suggest that it may have been discovered by Bernard Courtois, the man who discovered iodine.
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Bromine was discovered by Balard in 1826, but not until 1860 was Bromine prepared in quantity. Bromine, a member of the halogen family,will volatilize at room temperature to produce a very unpleasant odor that irritates the eyes and throat. Caution should be taken when handling Bromine because it poses a serious health risk.
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Bromine (Br2) will photolyze rapidly (about 1 minute) to form Br atoms, which then react with ozone to ultimately form aerosol and/or particulate bromine (Fan and Jacob, 1992). No information on the atmospheric half-life and lifetime of bromine was found in the readily-available literature.
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Bromine tablets are acidic. Bromine tablets can harm equipment or pool plaster if improperly used. Placing bromine tablets in a skimmer rather than in a feeder can corrode metal pipes and fittings. The corroded metal, usually copper, will deposit on the pool walls as a turquoise discolouration. To prevent the pool becoming acidic it is necessary to add about 200gms of sodium hydroxide for each kg of bromine tabs used.
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Bromine