LYCOS RETRIEVER 
Bohemia: Czechs
built 617 days ago
The land of Bohemia (modern Slovakia and the Czech Republic) is the rising star of Eastern Europe in the early 13th Century. Vast mineral deposits of gold and silver have enriched its landed magnates and created powerful noble families, particularly the Premyslid family of the Cechové tribe. With land holdings from the Labe (Elbe in German) to the Vltava (Moldau in German) rivers, this family holds the hereditary claim to the King of Bohemia, as well as the Margrave of Moravia. They have converted their peasants into serfs, who largely grow crops and raise cattle. However, they have ... supervised the migration of Germans into the kingdom, and as a result, the climate is not secure.
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Bohemia is one of the regions of the Czech Republic. Poland is to the north, Germany to the west, Austria to the south, and the Czech province of Moravia to the East. The capital city of Prague lies in Bohemia.
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Bohemia had in 1900 a population of 6,318,280, which corresponds to 315 inhabitants per square mile. As regards numbers, it occupies the second place amongst the Austrian provinces, coming after Galicia, and as regards density of population it stands third, Silesia and Lower Austria, which contains Vienna, standing higher. In 1800 the population was a little over 3,000,000. According to nationality, about 35% are Germans and 65% Czechs. The Czechs occupy the middle of the country, as well as its south and south-east region, while the Germans are concentrated near its borders, especially in the north and west, and are ... found all over the country in the large towns. Besides, there are numerous German-speaking enclaves situated in purely Czech districts; on the other hand, the Czechs have shown a tendency to invade the purely German mining and manufacturing districts.
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Following the Munich Agreement in 1938, the border regions of Bohemia inhabited predominantly by ethnic Germans (the so-called Sudetenland) were annexed to Nazi Germany; this was the only time in Bohemian history that its territory was divided. The remnants of Bohemia and Moravia were then annexed by Germany in 1939, while the Slovak lands became the Slovak Republic, a client state of Nazi Germany. From 1939 to 1945 Bohemia (without the Sudetenland) formed with Moravia the German Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (Reichsprotektorat Böhmen und Mähren). After World War II ended in 1945, the vast majority of remaining Germans were expelled. After World War II Czechoslovakia was re-established (against the wish of some Bohemian and Moravian people as there was a strongly felt resentment against the Slovak treachery in 1939). From 1945 to 1947 there was a growing and democratic support of the Communist Party strongly subsidized by the Soviet Union (thanks to the agreement between the Allies, Patton's armies did not enter Prague and the city had to liberate itself before being officially liberated by the Soviet Red Army).
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Bohemia belongs to the watershed of the Elbe, which rises within the territory and receives on the right the Iser and the Polzen, and on the left the Adler; the Eger with its affluent the Tepl; the Biela and the Moldau. But the principal river of Bohemia, from every point of view, is the Moldau (Czech Vltava), not the Elbe. A glance at the hydrographic structure of Bohemia, which is of such a striking regularity, shows us that the Moldau is the main stem, while the Elbe and the other rivers are only lateral branches; ... the Elbe below Melnik, the point of its confluence with the Moldau, follows the general direction of the Moldau. Besides, the Moldau is the principal commercial artery of the country, being navigable below Budweis, while the Upper-Elbe is not navigable; its basin (11,890 sq. m.) is twice as great as that of the Elbe, and its width and depth are also greater. It has a length of 270 m., 47 m. longer than the Upper-Elbe, but it runs through a deep and narrow valley, in which there is neither road nor railway, extending from above Budweis to about 15 m. south of Prague. The Moldau receives on the right the Luzniza and the Sazawa and on the left the Wottawa and the Beraun.
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The Bohemia piano factory began making pianos in 1871. After WWII, commerce in Czechoslovakia becomed nationalized, much like that of the rest of socialist eastern Europe. The Czechoslovakian government at that time used the name Petrof for all the Czechoslovakian piano factories (seven-ish in all) since Petrof was the
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