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Blackfoot Indians
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John Colter's escape from several hundred Blackfoot Indians intent on killing him is a legendary epic of survival against near insurmountable odds. It happened in the wilds of what is modern day Montana in 1808. Colter was a valuable member of the famous Lewis and Clark transcontinental expedition to the Pacific. When the expedition was heading back eastwards in 1807 Colter met a group of hunters near the Missouri river who persuaded him to stay with and hunt and trap with them in the area since it teemed with wildlife.
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The Blackfoot Indians were a nation of American Indians with four distinctive tribes, one in Montana and the other in Alberta, Canada. Fierce buffalo hunters, this nomadic tribe followed their food source. With no experience in pottery, crafts or agriculture, they relied on the land. While natural food sources and small subsidized, the buffalo were their main source of food, clothing, shelter, tools and weapons.
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Mythology of the Blackfoot Indians, originally published in 1908 by the American Museum of Natural History, introduces such figures as Old Man, Scar-Face, Blood-Clot, and the Seven Brothers. Included are tales with ritualistic origins emphasizing the prototypical Beaver-Medicine and the roles played by Elk-Woman and Otter-Woman, and a presentation of Star Myths, which reveal the astronomical knowledge of the Blackfoot Indians. Narratives about Raven, Grasshopper, and Whirlwind-Boy account for conditions in humanity and nature. Many of the stories in the concluding group-like "The Lost Children" and "The Ghost-Woman"-were tales told to Blackfoot children.Clark Wissler notes that these narratives were collected very early in the twentieth century from the Piegans in Montana and from the North Piegans, Bloods, and Northern Blackfoot in Canada. Most were translated by D. C. Duvall and revised for Mythology of the Blackfoot Indians by Wissler.Wissler (1870-1947) was curator at the American Museum of Natural History and chairman of the Department of Anthropology at Columbia University. Among his major works are North American Indians of the Plains and Man and Culture.Introducing this Bison Book edition is Alice B. Kehoe, a professor of sociology and anthropology at Marquette University and the author of North American Indians: A Comprehensive Account.
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The Blackfoot Indians comprised the Piegan, Siksika, and the Blood tribes. They hailed from Alberta and Montana. These American Indians originally belonged to the Great Lakes Region before they came to Alberta and Montana. Interestingly, their name has originated from the fading of moccasins from ashes. Niitsipussin is the commonly spoken language amongst these tribes. The Blackfoot tribes were nomadic buffalo hunters. They were good traders as they traded with buffalo hides, guns and horses with most of the other tribes of the Far East coast.
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The Blackfoot Indians' Algonquian dialect is related to the languages of several Plains, Eastern Woodlands, and Great Lake region tribes. Ewers stated that by migrating west, the Blackfoot encountered Athapascan-, Shoshonean-, and Siouan-speaking tribes, which distinguished their particular dialect, along with isolation from other Algonquian-speaking tribes. Although the Blackfoot did not have a syllabary, they did record their traditional stories and important events, such as wars, in pictographs on the internal and external surfaces of tipis, and on their buffalo robes. Like other Native groups attempting to preserve their languages, a resurgence occurred in the use of the Blackfoot language by the end of the twentieth century.
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The Blackfoot Indians of the United States and Canada are divided into three main groups: the Northern Blackfoot or Siksika, the Kainah or Blood, and the Piegan. The three as a whole are ... referred to as the Siksika (translated Blackfoot), a term which probably derived from the discoloration of moccasins with ashes. The three groups constitute what are apparently geographical-linguistic groups. All three speak a language which is a part of the Algonquian family. The Piegan and Blood are the most closely related dialects.
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Blackfoot Indians