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Black Sea: Black Sea Region
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Many residents of the Black Sea region are becoming increasingly aware of the deterioration in the quality of their environment. There is still much misunderstanding of the problems and their causes but campaigns in newspapers, the television and in schools can gradually spread the information gathered by scientists to the general public. This is only the start .... What can the public do with the information? The important message is that something can be done to solve the problems and that whether or not actions are taken depends on public understanding, support and direct involvement in the solutions themselves.
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The Black Sea is an inland sea between southeastern Europe and the Anatolian peninsula (Turkey) and is ultimately connected to the Atlantic Ocean via the Mediterranean and Aegean Seas and various straits. The Bosporus strait connects it to the Sea of Marmara, then the long island-bound strait of the Dardenelles to the Aegean Sea region of the Mediterranean. These waters separate eastern Europe and western Asia. The Black sea is ... connected to the Sea of Azov by the Strait of Kerch.
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In the past few years, many concerned Black Sea citizens have formed small independent groups in order to share their concerns regarding environmental issues and to take actions to improve the situation. These bodies, normally independent of political parties, are known as Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs). Some of them are long established and include highly skilled environmentalists, often affiliated with larger international groups. Others are just beginning to show their creativity and strength. The Black Sea Action Plan recognises that “NGOs will continue to be closely involved in the development and implementation of both national and regional policies aimed at rehabilitating and protecting the Black Sea ecosystem and the sustainable use of its natural resources”. Perhaps you will be interested in the activities of one of your local NGOs - details of a useful NGO Directory are given in the reading list at the end of this report.
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Pollution in the Black Sea has spurred surrounding nations to cooperate in instituting environmental safeguards; overfishing is ... a significant problem and has altered the sea's ecosystem. The sea is subject to severe winter storms, and waterspouts are common in summer. Ice-free, it is the chief shipping outlet of the Ukraine and Russia; Odessa and Sevastopol in Ukraine and Novorossiysk in Russia are major ports. Other important ports are Constanţa in Romania; Varna and Burgas in Bulgaria; and Trabzon, Samsun, and Zonguldak in Turkey. The Black Sea region, especially in the S Crimea and W Caucasus, is a popular resort area.
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Northern Anatolian region along the Black Sea occupies 18% of the total area of Turkey with its 141.000 square kilometers of land. This northern coastal region has a steep and rocky coast, and rivers cascade through gorges of the coastal ranges. A few of the large rivers, those cutting back through the Pontus Mountains (Dogu Karadeniz Daglari), have tributaries that flow in broad, elevated basins. Access inland from the coast is limited to a few narrow valleys, and, as a result, the coast has always been isolated from the interior. The population and cities are concentrated along the coast line.
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The Black Sea is an inlandseabetween southeasternEuropeand theAnatolian peninsula(Turkey) and is ultimately connected to theAtlantic Oceanvia theMediterraneanandAegeanSeas and variousstraits. TheBosporusstrait connects it to theSea of Marmara, then the long island-bound strait of theDardenellesto the Aegean Sea region of the Mediterranean. These waters separate easternEuropeand westernAsia. The Black sea is ... connected to theSea of Azovby theStrait of Kerch.
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Black Sea Region