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Birth Defect: United States
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About 120,000 babies (1 in 33) in the United States are born each year with birth defects (1). A birth defect is an abnormality of structure, function or metabolism (body chemistry) present at birth that results in physical or mental disabilities or death. Several thousand different birth defects have been identified. Birth defects are the leading cause of death in the first year of life (2).
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About 150,000 babies are born in the United States each year with birth defects, according to the March of Dimes. There is a wide range of birth defects, from mild to severe, and they can be inherited or caused by something in the environment. In many cases, the cause is unknown. Often, doctors can detect a birth defect when they do prenatal tests.
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In data collection, the international practice usually keeps inspecting children until the age of five for serious genetic diseases and birth defects that did not show up immediately after birth. However, limited by diagnosis skills and backward statistical methods, China could only give an estimated figure.
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While there are many causes for birth defects, some are still unknown. However, certain behaviors and infections can increase the risk of birth defects. Birth defects remain a leading cause of infant deaths statewide and nationwide.
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Ryan Ruiz suffered multiple birth defects, including a missing right arm below his elbow, brain injury and cognitive deficits. "He has suffered and will continue to suffer significant developmental impairments requiring special education needs," and "will continue to suffer great mental pain and anguish, disfigurement and physical impairment, and has and will incur costs, including medical and special education expenses," the Petition states.
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