LYCOS RETRIEVER 
Baron Haussmann: City
built 628 days ago
In addition to the destruction of inner-city slums and the creation of the wide boulevards that give the city its characteristic look today, Baron Haussmann's major accomplishments include construction of major new buildings, such as the Paris Opera. Louis-Emile Durandelle carried out a decade long project photographing sculptural ornamentation in the Paris Opera, which he published after the building was opened, in a portfolio entitled Le Nouvel Opra de Paris: Sculpture Ornementale.
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When Baron Haussmann reordered Paris between 1853 and 1869, he ... looked back to Versailles for inspiration. By 1870, Paris was the ‘wonder of the world’. Haussmann drove a network of boulevards through the city, straightened other roads, created public squares, vistas and sites for important public buildings, and also made the Bois de Boulogne and Bois de Vincennes into public parks.
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Baron Haussmann's plan for Paris inspired some of the most important architectural movements including the City Beautiful Movement in the United States. In fact, renowned American architect Daniel Burnham borrowed liberally from Haussmann's plan and even incorporated the diagonal street designs in his 1909 Plan of Chicago. Cities like London and Moscow ... have Haussmann influences in their city plans.
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The flavor and shape of modern metropolitan Paris is attributed to Baron Haussmann, the city's prefect and planner from 1853 to 1869. Haussmann is responsible for the creation of the boulevards and the reorganization of streets, city landscaping, and such modern conveniences as sewers. To accomplish his aim, he destroyed portions of medieval Paris and many of its slums. Jordan (Univ. of Illinois, Chicago) has written an engaging biography, both of Haussmann and of the city; he presents Haussmann not only as a modern bureaucrat and city planner but ... as an arrogant bully. Jordan weaves the person of Haussmann into the redesign of the city in ways that previous works do not (e.g., Howard Saalman's Haussmann: Paris Transformed, 1971).
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During the second half of the 19th century, Baron Haussmann's brilliant town planning transformed Paris from a squalid medieval town into a spacious, modern city. The Ile de la Cité underwent major surgery, to an extent which seems excessive today, and several wide arteries were opened up along the left and right banks; the place de l'Etoile and its 12 radiating avenues were created, and green spaces were provided all over the town centre.
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Baron Haussmann revolutionized city planning with his grand designs for the city of Paris. This, in turn, revolutionized urban transportation, triggering a boom in a new mode of transportation, the horse-drawn tram.
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