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Barium: Elements
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Barium is a Block S, Group 2, Period 6 element. The electronic configuration is [Xe] 6s2. In its elemental form barium's CAS number is 7440-39-3. The barium atom has a radius of 217.4.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 200.pm.
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Barium is a lustrous, machinable metal which exists in nature only in ores containing mixtures of elements. It is used in making a wide variety of electronic components, in metal alloys, bleaches, dyes, fireworks, ceramics and glass. In particular, it is used in well drilling operations where it is directly released into the ground.
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Barium titanate crystals find use in nonlinear optics. The material has high beam-coupling gain, and can be operated at visible and near-infrared wavelengths. It has the highest reflectivity of the materials used for self-pumped phase conjugation (SPPC) applications. It can be used for continuous-wave four-wave mixing with milliwatt-range optical power. For photorefractive applications, barium titanate can be doped by various other elements, eg. cerium.[3]
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Barium, the name for the element of atomic number 56 on the Periodic Table of the Elements, comes from the Greek word "barys," meaning "heavy." Barium is a relatively heavy element because it has 56 protons in its nucleus (compared to chlorine, for example, which has only 17). The same number of electrons balance the electrical charge.
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Barium was first isolated in 1808 by English chemist Sir Humphry Davy (1778-1829). In 1807 and 1808, Davy ... discovered five other new elements: sodium, potassium, strontium, calcium, and magnesium. All of these elements had been recognized much earlier as new substances, but Davy was the first to prepare them in pure form.
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Barium is a chemical element. It has the symbol Ba, and atomic number 56. Barium is soft silvery metallic alkaline earth metal. It is never found in nature in its pure form due to its reactivity with air.
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