LYCOS RETRIEVER 
Armenia: Soviet Union
built 627 days ago
Armenia is trying to address its environmental problems. It has established a Ministry of Nature Protection and has introduced a pollution fee system by which taxes are levied on air and water emissions and solid waste disposal, with the resulting revenues used for environmental protection activities. Armenia is interested in cooperating with other members of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS--a group of 12 former Soviet republics) and with members of the international community on environmental issues. The Armenian Government has committed to decommissioning the Armenian Nuclear Power Plant as soon as alternate energy sources can be identified.
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Armenia is trying to address its environmental problems. It has established a Ministry of Nature Protection and introduced taxes for air and water pollution and solid waste disposal, whose revenues are used for environmental protection activities. Armenia is interested in cooperating with other members of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS, a group of eleven former Soviet republics) and with members of the international community on environmental issues. The Armenian Government is working toward closing its Nuclear Power Plant at Medzamor near Yerevan as soon as alternative energy sources are identified.
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When the Soviet Union broke apart, Armenia did not have weapons of mass destruction on its territory. Neither did its Soviet-era industry manufacture any key components for weapons of mass destruction and their means of delivery. Armeniadoes possess some conventional weapons production capability,mostly as a result of its long-standing conflict with Muslim Azerbaijan over a primarily Armenian-populated region, Nagorno-Karabakh. In spite of its location among states considered unfriendly to Yerevan,Armenia has foregone the option of developing or acquiring weapons of mass destruction andis signatory to a number of international agreements including the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT),the Chemical Weapons Convention(CWC), and the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention (BWC).
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For its part, the Republic of Armenia has largely checkmated Baku's ambition to isolate Armenia by linking Yerevan to all relevant international and regional organizations. Armenia remains in full membership of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation. It maintains a strategic bilateral relationship with Russia and other post Soviet republics through the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). Yerevan has developed a strong set of connections with NATO through the Partnership for Peace program, and is an active participant in all the bodies of the United Nations Organization. It has membership in the World Trade Organization, the Organization for the Security and Co-operation in Europe, OSCE, and is a participant in the sessions of the European Parliament. These are strong antidotes to Baku's and Ankara’s isolationist machinations.
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Armenian nationalists entered a political agreement with the Bolsheviks in December 1920, forming a new coalition government that then proclaimed Armenia a socialist republic. In an agreement signed the same month, Bolshevik-controlled Azerbaijan agreed to make the territories of Naxçivan and Nagorno-Karabakh part of Armenia. In early 1921 the Bolsheviks took complete control of the government, expelling the Armenian nationalists. Together with Georgia and Azerbaijan, which had ... come under Bolshevik control, Armenia was incorporated into the Transcaucasian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic (SFSR) in March 1922. In December the Transcaucasian SFSR became one of the four original republics of the Bolsheviks’ new state, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). Despite the earlier agreement, the Soviet authorities placed the territories of Naxçivan and Nagorno-Karabakh under Azerbaijani governance.
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Under the old Soviet central planning system, Armenia had developed a modern industrial sector, supplying machine tools, textiles, and other manufactured goods to sister republics in exchange for raw materials and energy. Since the implosion of the USSR in December 1991, Armenia has switched to small-scale agriculture away from the large agroindustrial complexes of the Soviet era. The agricultural sector has long-term needs for more investment and updated technology. The privatization of industry has been at a slower pace, but has been given renewed emphasis by the current administration. Armenia is a food importer, and its mineral deposits (copper, gold, bauxite) are small. The ongoing conflict with Azerbaijan over the ethnic Armenian-dominated region of Nagorno-Karabakh and the breakup of the centrally directed economic system of the former Soviet Union contributed to a severe economic decline in the early 1990s.
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