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Archimedes: Archimedes' Principle
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[O]f his discovery in the bathtub, Archimedes developed the basic principles of hydrostatics. He established Archimedes' Principle, which states that the relative weight of a body immersed in a fluid is reduced by the weight of fluid displaced by the body.
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In mechanics Archimedes discovered fundamental theorems concerning the centre of gravity of plane figures and solids. His most famous theorem gives the weight of a body immersed in a liquid, called after him, Archimedes' principle - that a body immersed in a fluid is subject to an upward force (buoyancy) equal in magnitude to the weight of fluid it displaces.
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The story about the golden crown does not appear in the known works of Archimedes, but in his treatise On Floating Bodies he gives the principle known in hydrostatics as Archimedes' Principle. This states that a body immersed in a fluid experiences a buoyant force equal to the weight of the displaced fluid.[14]
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Archimedes' Principle