LYCOS RETRIEVER 
Arabian Peninsula: Regions
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The Arabian Peninsula sub-regional grouping was established to provide AARINENA, the Regional Organisation, with a sub-regional contact point, a liaison officer. More spefically, the liaison officer has the following functions: a) assist the sub-regional grouping in deciding on its modus operandi and the way it organises its work and how it relates to other political and technical groupings in the sub-region, b) serve as a contact point with the other AARINENA sub-regional groups, as well as with the CGIAR centres, donor agencies and relevant organizations, c) act as a clearinghouse for regional and sub-regional projects and follow-up of their implementation, and d) represent the sub-region in the Executive Committee of AARINENA.
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Most of the Arabian Peninsula is unsuited to settled agriculture, making irrigation and land reclamation projects essential. The narrow coastal plain and isolated oases, amounting to less than 1% of the land area, are used to cultivate grains, coffee and exotic fruits. Goats, sheep, and camels are widespread throughout the region.
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About three-quarters of the Arabian Peninsula is covered by deserts. Geographers think that the region had changed from savannah, or grasslands to desert by about 8,000 B.C.E., along with the neighboring Sahara Desert in North Africa. Artifacts from hunter-gatherer groups and early settled cultures have been found at many sites. Traces of the earliest towns, cities and civilizations in the Fertile Crescent along the Mediterranean Sea have ... been found. The Arabian Peninsula is mostly arid with inhospitable terrain and fertile regions nearly all around the periphery. Along the mountainous Arabian Sea coast to the south, rain-fed and irrigated highland areas support a rich agriculture.
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Abstract : This memorandum considers two dilemmas facing US policymakers in the Arabian Peninsula. The first problem is the US/regional 'dialogue of deaf' concerning the major threat to Arabian peninsular stability. The American position has been that the Soviet Union constitutes the principal threat, either directly or through surrogates. On the other hand, most area governments are concerned primarily with solving the Arab-Israeli impasse, regaining lost land and establishing firmly the principle of Palestinian self-determination. The second dilemma is American capability and credibility as an ally. The author concludes that a short term solution to these dilemmas seems achievable only by pressing forward to assist the regional states in improving their own self-defense capabilities, letting them take the lead in such cooperative efforts as may develop, and by accepting the imperative of a solution to the Arab-Israel confrontation as a necessary first step in focusing attention on Soviet pressures.
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An International Workshop was held in Qatar on Protected Agriculture in the Arabian Peninsula (see under: Protected Agriculture). The recommendations from this meeting formed the basis for the immediate and long-term strategies for protected-agriculture development in the Arabian Peninsula. The issue of communication and exchange of information was highlighted and as a result a Regional Network on the Internet was developed for Protected Agriculture. The meeting was supported by the AFESD, IFAD and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). The workshop was organized locally by the Ministry of Municipal Affairs and Agriculture of Qatar and ICARDA and was attended by 15 national scientists and twelve international and regional experts. The proceedings were printed and distributed.
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The name Arabia was first applied to the desert region on the northern coast of the Arabian peninsula that lies east of the Nile delta and merges with Syria. Later it was extended to the whole peninsula. The Greeks and Romans were familiar with this area and with the eastern shore of the Arabian Gulf, and their knowledge was increased after the exploratory voyages of Alexander's admirals in the later part of the fourth century
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