LYCOS RETRIEVER
Apollo Moon Landing Hoax Accusations: Astronauts
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"Proponents of the Apollo Moon Landing Hoax allegations have argued that space travel to the moon is impossible because the Van Allen radiation would kill or incapacitate an astronaut who made the trip. James Van Allen himself dismissed these ideas. In practice, Apollo astronauts who traveled to the moon spent very little time in the belts and would have received a harmless dose [6]. Nevertheless NASA said that they deliberately timed Apollo launches, and used lunar transfer orbits that only skirted the edge of the belt over the equator to minimize the radiation. Astronauts who visited the moon would probably have a slightly higher risk of cancer during their lifetimes."
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While on the surface of the Moon, the Apollo astronauts wore a spacesuit known as the Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU). The EMU was a closed-circuit pressure vessel that enveloped the astronaut. The environment inside the suit consisted of 100% oxygen at 3.7 PSI (about 1/3 that of a football). The complete article included a liquid cooling garment, pressure garment assembly, and integrated thermal micrometeoroid garment. The pressure garment was an airtight bladder with accordion joints at the knees and elbows, and swivel joints at the shoulders to allow mobility. When pressurized, the suit was allowed to expand slightly, but was kept from ballooning outward too far by a restraint layer of nonstretch netting.
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Partial hoax / Unmanned landings— Bart Sibrel argues that Apollo 11 and subsequent astronauts had faked their orbit around the Moon and their walk on its surface by trick photography, and that they never got more than halfway to the Moon. A subset of this theory is advocated by those who concede the existence of laser mirrors and other observable human-made objects on the Moon. Marcus Allen represented this argument when he said "I would be the first to accept what [telescope images of the landing site] find as powerful evidence that something was placed on the Moon by man." He goes on to say that photographs of the lander would not prove that America put men on the Moon. "Getting to the Moon really isn't much of a problem—the Russians did that in 1959, the big problem is getting people there." His argument focuses around NASA sending robot missions because radiation levels in space were lethal to humans. Another variant on this is the idea that NASA and its contractors did not recover quickly enough from the Apollo 1 fire, and so all the early Apollo missions were faked, with Apollo 14 or 15 being the first authentic mission.[4]
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Apollo Astronaut Was Murdered, Son Charges - Gus Grissom, the astronaut slated to be the first man to walk on the moon, was murdered, his son has charged. NASA investigator charged the agency engaged in a cover-up of the true cause of the catastrophe that killed Grissom and two other astronauts. Grissom's widow agrees with her son's claim that her husband was murdered
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Proponents of the Apollo Moon Landing Hoax have argued that space travel to the moon is impossible because the Van Allen radiation would kill or incapacitate an astronaut who made the trip. Van Allen himself, now deceased (August 9, 2006), dismissed these ideas (from Wikipedia)
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[T]he Apollo astronauts reportedly left reflectors on the Moon, during Apollo missions 11, 14, and 15, which scientists routinely use to very precisely measure the distance between Earth and the Moon (see Lunar Laser Ranging Experiment). Skeptics contend that those data could ... be faked, or that reflectors, if they exist, could more easily have been placed by robot missions (such as the French-built mirror on the Soviet Lunokhod 2) and do not prove a human landing. However, Apollo believers claim that the Apollo retroreflectors are "more accurate" than the Lunokhod mirror - they claim that this was only possible through manned placement.
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