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Antoine Lavoisier: Antoine Laurent Lavoisier
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Antoine Laurent Lavoisier was born on August 26, 1743, in Paris and was educated at the Collège Mazarin. He was elected a member of the Academy of Sciences in 1768. He held many public offices, including those of director of the state gunpowder works in 1776, member of a commission to establish a uniform system of weights and measures in 1790, and commissary of the treasury in 1791. He attempted to introduce reforms in the French monetary and taxation system and in farming methods. As one of the farmers-general, he was arrested and tried by the revolutionary tribunal, and guillotined on May 8, 1794 (see French Revolution).
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The Lavoisier Collection contains materials by, to or about Antoine Laurent Lavoisier and his wife, Marie-Anne-Pierrette Lavoisier, née Paulze, with documents extending back to 1598 and through the death of Marie-Anne-Pierrette Lavoisier in 1836. These documents, dating mostly from 1766-1834 relate to Lavoisier's scientific work, and the Académie des Sciences, but ... to his involvement in Old Regime taxation in France's Ferme Générale, and in the Régie des Poudres et Salpêtres. Also included are notes and correspondence by Marie-Anne-Pierrette Lavoisier. Many documents relate to Lavoisier's estates, mostly about Lavoisier's acquisitions of "Biens Nationaux", in Taillefontaine (France).
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Antoine Laurent Lavoisier was born in Paris on Aug. 26, 1743, the son of an attorney at the Parlement of Paris. Lavoisier began his schooling at the Collège Mazarin in Paris at the age of 11. In his last two years (1760-1761) at the college his scientific interests were aroused. In the philosophy class he came under the tutelage of Abbé Nicolas Louis de Lacaille, a distinguished mathematician and observational astronomer who imbued the young Lavoisier with an interest in meteorological observation, an enthusiasm which never left him.
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After Antoine Laurent Lavoisier's death, his properties were consficated by the State. In 1795, after a campaign, Marie-Anne Lavoisier obtained the restoration of her property. In the same time, she published an edition of Lavoisier's works. In 1805, she married an American scientist, Benjamin Thomson, who had become Count Rumford in 1791.
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The hands of Cornell librarian David Corson literally shook as he sorted through Cornell Library's most recent acquisition of Antoine Laurent Lavoisier materials. Here were the very books handbound in the distinctive style of Marie-Anne Pierrette Paulze Lavoisier, the great French chemist's artistically gifted wife.
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