LYCOS RETRIEVER 
Antibiotics: Medicines
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Since the first pioneering efforts of Florey and Chain in 1939, the importance of antibiotics to medicine has led to much research into discovering and producing them. The process of production usually involves screening of wide ranges of microorganisms, testing and modification. Production is carried out using fermentation; a process that is important in anaerobic conditions when there is no oxidative phosphorylation to maintain the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) by glycolysis.
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When you abuse antibiotics, the resistant microorganisms that you help create can become widely established, causing new and hard-to-treat infections. That's why the decisions you make about antibiotic use — unlike almost any other medicine you take — extend far beyond your reach. Responsible antibiotic use protects the health of your family, neighbors and ultimately the global community.
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Findings published in The New England Journal of Medicine indicate that the controversial practice of administering antibiotics to cattle may have led to the development of salmonella resistant to the antibiotic ceftriaxone. The study, led by Paul Fey of the Nebraska Public Health Laboratory, examined the case of a 12-year-old boy infected with salmonella.
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Widespread use of this antibiotic in cows would likely cause disease-causing bacteria to become resistant to antibiotics critical to human medicine. Even though the FDA's own advisory committee recommended against this approval six months ago, the agency has yet to make a decision.
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Resistant bacteria sometimes can be treated with different antibiotics to which the bacteria have not yet become resistant. These medicines may have to be given intravenously (through a vein) in a hospital. A few kinds of resistant bacteria are untreatable.
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It is important to learn how to take antibiotics correctly. Read the label to see how many pills to take and how often to take your medicine. Also, ask your pharmacist if there is anything you should know about the medication.
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