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Angola: Wars
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A Portuguese colony since the 15th century, Angola was the source for millions of slaves sent to Brazil (... a Portuguese colony) and other places across the Atlantic. It won independence in 1975 after 14 years of guerrilla war. Civil war then broke out between major ethnic groups. The Mbundu, about a quarter of the population and based in the north, took the capital, Luanda. The Ovimbundu, with over a third of the population, and others set up a rival government in the interior city of Huambo. The civil war brought more bloodshed—and economic collapse—as 300,000 Portuguese fled.
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Angola is a potencial wealthy country. With enoutmous resource of oil, diamonds, gas as well considerable hydroelectric potencial, varied a gricultual land, with adequate rainfal. despite these resources, decades of war have resultted in economic performance below its real potencial in the industrial world.
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The civil war in mineral-rich Angola over the last two decades has greatly impacted general infrastructure development including telecommunications. Considerable telecoms plant has been destroyed by the war and the absence of peace has hampered efforts to rebuild and expand existing infrastructure. With peace restored in early 2002, the outlook is promising, and foreign investment in Angola has more than tripled during 2003. However, Angola Telecom’s fixed-line network still served only little more than 0.7% of the population in early-2004, and there are very few serviceable links outside of the capital city. The licensing of four new fixed-network operators at the end of 2002 has introduced competition to this sector, but significant effects on the market have yet to be achieved. The mobile sector has been competitive since April 2001, but market penetration is still one of the lowest in the world.
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Angola's rich agricultural sector was formerly the mainstay of the economy and currently provides employment for the majority of the people. Food must be imported in large quantities... because of the disruption caused by the country's protracted civil war. All areas of production suffered during the fighting that began in 1975. Coffee and sugarcane are the most important cash crops. Sisal, corn, cotton, manioc, tobacco, and bananas are raised, and fishing is also important. Livestock, notably cattle, sheep, goats, and pigs, is raised in much of the savanna region.
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The history of close and friendly cooperation between Angola and USSR started more that 40 years ago, when angolans started their war against Portuguese colonizators. The real "star"-moment of this cooperation was in the middle seventieth of the XX century. Right after young African republic has freed itself from Portuguese protectorate.
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The People’s Republic of Angola is located on the southwest coast of Africa. The nation’s official language is Portuguese, but most Angolans live in rural areas and speak an African dialect. About 90% of the country’s 11 million people are Christians, with Catholicism being the dominant faith. In recent decades Angola has been ravished by war and famine.
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