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Ancient Philosophy: Works
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This extensive overlap between philosophy and religion ... reflects to some extent the pervasive influence of philosophy on the entire culture of the ancient world. Rarely regarded as a detached academic discipline, philosophy frequently carried high political prestige, and its modes of discourse came to infect disciplines as diverse as medicine, rhetoric, astrology, history, grammar and law. The work of two of the greatest scientists of the ancient world, the doctor Galen and the astronomer Ptolemy, was deeply indebted to their respective philosophical backgrounds.
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For the last period of ancient Greek philosophy, long as it is, useful works are not as numerous as for the other two periods. However, Stoic and Epicurean by Hicks, a learned Cambridge classicist, offers a detailed treatment of the three new schools, and each of the following works focuses its attention on one particular school: Arnold's Roman Stoicism, Bailey's The Greek Atomists and Epicurus, and Patrick's The Greek Sceptics.
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While few soldiers may have read the works of Epictetus or Marcus Aurelius, it is undoubtedly true that the ancient philosophy known as Stoicism guides the actions of many in the military. Soldiers and seamen learn early in their training "to suck it up," to endure, to put aside their
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