LYCOS RETRIEVER 
Anabaptist: United States
built 217 days ago
There is evidence that individual hymns were published in the early part of the sixteenth century; ... it was not until the middle of the sixteenth century that Anabaptist hymnals appeared, both in the Dutch and German languages. The most significant of these was the Aussbund Etlicher schöner Christlicher Geseng, wie die in der Gefengness zu Passaw im Schloss von den Schweitzern, and auch von andern rechtgläubigen Christen hin and her gedicht worden. Allen and jeden Christen, welcher Religion sie auch seyen, unparteilich and fast nutzlich zu brauchen. (title) page of the 1583 edition).6 Commonly called the Ausbund (meaning “Selection of the Best”), it became a very popular hymnal among the Anabaptists.7 Many of the contests were written in the castle of Passau in Bavaria where some of the Swiss leaders were imprisoned between 1535 and 1540. The first publication included fifty-three hymns and appeared in 1564; the first full volume of 130 hymns was published in 1583. It has since gone through approximately eleven European and twenty American editions, the latest being in 1949.8 It first served congregations in Switzerland and Germany and eventually was brought to the United States, where it is still used by the Amish Mennonites.
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This path-breaking work assembles all the pieces of the Anabaptist puzzle in the United States for the first time. Anchored on a database of 5,400 congregations, it provides an authoritative overview of more than 60 Amish, Brethren, Hutterite, and Mennonite groups. Lively interpretative essays, helpful graphics, photographs, group profiles, and state-by-state summaries make this a turn-of-the-century reference.
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Regional leaders, or "Spirituals" as there were ... known often established the norms for the local Anabaptist congregation under their leadership. These leaders often espoused widely varied messages to their congregation. Some of them were marked early as enemies of the State and hunted down, imprisoned, or executed.
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