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Alfred Kinsey: Kinsey Institute
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Alfred Charles Kinsey was a zoologist at Indiana University who gained fame for his pioneering research on human sexual behavior. Educated at Bowdoin College and Harvard University, he joined the staff of Indiana University in 1920. During the 1920s and '30s he became an expert on gall wasps and published high school biology texts, but in 1938 he began researching human sexuality. Kinsey and his research team interviewed thousands of men and women, then published their findings in Sexual Behavior in the Human Male (1948) and Sexual Behavior in the Human Female (1953). Known popularly as The Kinsey Report, his first book met with mostly positive responses and became a best-seller, and Kinsey used the profits to finance the Kinsey Institute of Sex Research at Indiana University in 1947. By the time his second book was published... he had come under fire from religious and political groups.
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Kinsey's interests were starting to turn from wasps to people. Disturbed by the lack of scientific knowledge concerning human sexuality, as well as the profound ignorance of his students concerning sexual matters, in 1938 Kinsey began teaching a course on marriage. The Indiana students, anxious for accurate information, flocked to the course and Kinsey turned them into his initial subjects. First with questionnaires and later with private interviews, Kinsey obtained detailed sexual histories of his students and counseled them on the most intimate matters. Soon, using his own funds to expand his research, Kinsey was interviewing large numbers of subjects in Chicago, analyzing data, and training collaborators. With funding from the National Research Council's Committee on the Research in Problems of Sex and the Rockefeller Foundation, he founded the Institute for Sex Research at Indiana University.
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Kinsey founded The Kinsey Institute for Research in Sex, Gender and Reproduction, often shortened to Kinsey Institute. at Indiana University in 1947. Its original goals were the study of human sexuality and human sexual behavior. To conduct the vast number of interviews that Kinsey envisioned as necessary for his study, he hired as co-researchers Paul Gebhard, Wardell Pomeroy, and Clyde Martin. In 1948 and 1953, the Institute published two monographs on human sexuality, generally known as the Kinsey Reports.
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The Kinsey film team visited the Kinsey Institute for Research in Sex, Gender and Reproduction in the summer of 2003. The movie's writer and director, Bill Condon, along with Liam Neeson, who stars as Alfred Kinsey, set designer Richard Sherman and producer Gail Mutrux visited the institute prior to filming and spent a day using the archival collections in the library. The group ... walked around the Bloomington campus and met with people who knew Kinsey in the 1950's. "The production team followed the same policies and procedures for the use of materials as anyone wishing to use the collections owned by the Kinsey Institute," said Jennifer Bass, head of information services for the Kinsey Institute. The extensive library, archive and art collections are used throughout the year by scholars from around the world who are researching human sexuality from various perspectives. Bass said the Kinsey Institute does not endorse any movies, including this one, but it does welcome the opportunity to talk about such an important public health issue as human sexuality.
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Kinsey approached his father with plans to study botany at college. His father demanded that he study engineering at Stevens Institute of Technology in Hoboken. Kinsey was unhappy at Stevens, and later remarked that his time there was one of the most wasteful periods of his life. Regardless, he continued his obsessive commitment to studying. At Stevens, he primarily took courses related to English and engineering, but was unable to satisfy his interest in biology. At the end of two years at Stevens, Kinsey gathered the courage to confront his father about his interest in biology and his intent to continue studying at Bowdoin College in Maine.
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In response to these criticisms, Paul Gebhard, Kinsey's successor as director of the Kinsey Institute, spent years "cleaning" the Kinsey data of its purported contaminants, removing, for example, all material derived from prison populations in the basic sample. In 1979, Gebhard (with Alan B. Johnson) published The Kinsey Data: Marginal Tabulations of the 1938-1963 Interviews Conducted by the Institute for Sex Research. Their conclusion, to Gebhard's surprise (he claimed), was that none of Kinsey's original estimates were significantly affected by this bias.
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