LYCOS RETRIEVER 
Alfred Binet: Theodore Simon
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Alfred Binet remains an important figure in modern psychology. He was among the first to emphasize that no child suspected of retardation should be removed from the regular classroom without undergoing a psychological and medical assessment that would help confirm the retardation. Binet and Simon emphasized that diagnostic errors could be due to lack of "attitude" on the part of the examiner; variability in the meaning of the terms used, or lack of precision in the examination of the child.
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Three years after its initial publication in 1905, the Binet-Simon Scale was revised by Binet and Simon (Binet & Simon, 1916) and then again by Binet in 1911. The instrument was noticed by researchers in the United States and was brought to this country by Goddard (1908). Three independent researchers, Huey, Kuhlmann, and Wallin, translated the Binet Scale into English in 1911 (Thorndike & Lohman, 1990), and use of the instrument and the general practice of assessing intelligence for many purposes spread quickly.
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In 1891, Binet began working at the Sorbonne's Laboratory of Experimental Psychology and was appointed its Director in 1894. In that same year, he co-founded L'Annee Psychologique, a major psychology journal. While directing the Laboratory, Theodore Simon applied to do doctoral research under Binet's supervision. This was the beginning of their long, fruitful collaboration.
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Binet had designed the Binet-Simon intelligence scale in order to identify students who needed special help in coping with the school curriculum. He argued that with proper remedial education programs, most students regardless of background could catch up and perform quite well in school. He did not believe that intelligence was a measurable fixed entity.
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In 1905 he produced the Binet-Simon scale [with Theodore Simon] - the first intelligence test. Binet took a pragmatic approach, choosing a series of 30 short tasks related to everyday problems of life (e.g.
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The more influential tradition of mental testing was developed by Binet and his collaborator, Theodore Simon, in France. In 1904 the minister of public instruction in Paris named a commission to study or create tests that would ensure that mentally retarded children received an adequate education.
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Theodore Simon