LYCOS RETRIEVER 
Afghanistan: Governments
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Afghanistan's army is a bright spot among the country's emerging institutions. Soldiers are respected, training is going well and the army is seen as less corrupt than other government entities. But it still depends on outside support.
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In Afghanistan, Provincial Reconstruction Teams (PRTs) have assisted with the delivery of U.S. and international assistance at the provincial level. PRTs are small, joint civilian-military teams designed to improve security, extend the reach of the Afghan government, and facilitate reconstruction in priority provinces.
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Abdul Karim Brahowie, Afghanistan's minister of tribal and frontier affairs, says that the government has become so full of drug smugglers that cabinet meetings have become a farce. "Sometimes the people who complain the loudest about theft are thieves themselves," he says.
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[I]n 1973 Zahir Shah's brother-in-law, Mohammed Daoud Khan, launched a bloodless coup and became the first President of Afghanistan. Daoud Khan and his entire family were murdered in 1978, when the communist People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan launched a coup known as the Great Saur Revolution and took over the government. The 1978 Khalq uprising against the government of Daoud Khan was essentially a resurgence by the Ghilzai tribe of the Pashtun against the Durrani (the tribe of Daoud Khan and the previous monarchy).[48]
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General political and economic circumstances in Afghanistan have improved, but the narcotics situation remains serious, despite positive actions by both the government and international donors. Due to the profound destruction brought about by more than 20 years of conflict, the lack of many viable alternative crops to opium, and the limited enforcement capacity of the central government, Afghanistan is now the largest illicit opium-producing country in the world.
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Although the new Law on NGOs is a significant improvement over the ambiguity of the prior legal framework, it does allow the Government of Afghanistan to exercise considerable control over the operation of NGOs. In particular, Article 23 requires NGOs, "prior to the commencement of work," to submit "committed project documents" to the relevant line Ministry for examination and to the Ministry of Economy for verification and registration. There are differing reports regarding how this provision is being implemented.
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