LYCOS RETRIEVER 
1983: United States
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The 1983 Nationwide Personal Transportation Study was the third in the NPTS series. This survey compiled national data on the nature and characteristics of travel in 1983-1984 timeframe. It addressed a broad range of travel in the United States, providing data on all personal trips by all purposes and all modes of transportation. The 1983 NPTS essentially followed the data collection design used in the 1969 and 1977 surveys. Information from a sample was collected about all trips taken during a designated 24-hour period (Travel Day). Additional detail was collected about trips of 75 miles or further (one-way) that were taken during the preceding 14-day period (Travel Period) including the 24-hour travel day.
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Courts entertaining section 1983 claims must follow state survival rules, unless the rules violate federal law. Robertson v. Wegmann, 436 U.S. 584 (1978); 42 U.S.C. sec. 1988. California law provides for survival of a decedent's causes of action. In a survival action, the estate may recover punitive damages, but not the decedent's emotional distress damages. Cal. Civ.
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In the early morning hours of 23 October 1983, a truck loaded with explosives crashed through the security perimeter of the United States Marine Corps Barracks in Beirut, Lebanon. In the explosion that followed, 241 U.S. Military personnel were killed and 80 seriously wounded.These young people, on a mission of peace in a land stricken by violence, were killed as they slept.
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Recovery in a section 1983 action must be based upon the deprivation of a federal statutory or constitutional right. The violation of a state law cannot be the basis of a section 1983 claim. A claim based upon an action which violated both federal and state law may be pursued.
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In 1983, Scientology gave the court a sworn statement in which Hubbard claimed to be in a self-imposed seclusion and was fine. The document contained Hubbard’s fingerprints and was signed with special ink that allowed the date of his signature to be confirmed.
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Chicago wrapped up the 1983 season at 8-8, with many positives to dwell upon in the offseason. First, they had finished the second-half of the season 5-3, and may have finished as strong as 11-5 had they pulled out a few close losses. Statistically, they were enormously better than in 1982, thanks to the additions of rookies from the star class of '83. They improved from 26th on offense, to 4th overall, 1st in rushing, and 2nd in passing. Defensively, they moved up from 16th overall to 8th.
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