LYCOS RETRIEVER 
1967: Israel
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In May 1967, Egypt and Syria took a number of steps which led Israel to believe that an Arab attack was imminent. On May 16, Nasser ordered a withdrawal of the United Nations Emergency Forces (UNEF) stationed on the Egyptian-Israeli border... removing the international buffer between Egypt and Israel which had existed since 1957. On May 22, Egypt announced a blockade of all goods bound to and from Israel through the Straits of Tiran. Israel had held since 1957 that another Egyptian blockade of the Tiran Straits would justify Israeli military action to maintain free access to the port of Eilat. Syria increased border clashes with Israel along the Golan Heights and mobilized its troops.
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In July, 1967, Labor Party Minister Yigal Allon revealed his "Allon Plan" calling on Israel to maintain control of the Golan Heights, Gaza, and the West Bank. This plan became operational in Israeli government policy in 1970. Israeli control over territory in the region increased threefold as a result of the war. After this, the United States began to view Israel as an effective counterweight to Soviet influence in the region (Schulze, 39). Israel had become the dominant power in the area.
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On November 22, 1967, the UN Security Council unanimously adopted Resolution 242, establishing the principles that were to guide the negotiations for an Arab-Israeli peace settlement. This resolution was a tortuously negotiated compromise between competing proposals.
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The plan calls for the following: * Full Israeli withdrawal from all the territories occupied in 1967, including the Syrian Golan Heights to the lines of June 4, 1967, as well as any remaining occupied Lebanese territories. * Achievement of a just solution to the Palestinian refugee problem to be agreed upon in accordance with UN General Assembly Resolution 194. * The acceptance of the establishment of a sovereign independent Palestinian State on the Palestinian territories occupied since the June 4, 1967 in the West Bank and Gaza strip, with East Jerusalem as its capital. Consequently, the Arab countries affirm that they will: * Consider the Arab-Israeli conflict formally ended, and enter into a peace agreement with Israel, and provide security for all states in the region. * Establish normal and peaceful relations with Israel in the context of this comprehensive peace.
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Against this background, Israel launched a pre-emptive strike against Egypt on June 5, 1967 and captured the Sinai Peninsula and the Gaza Strip. Despite an Israeli appeal to Jordan to stay out of the conflict, Jordan attacked Israel and lost control of the West Bank and the eastern sector of Jerusalem. Israel went on to capture the Golan Heights from Syria. The war ended on June 10.
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Heads of state from eight Arab countries attended a summit conference in Khartoum, Sudan held from August 29 to September 1, 1967. The meeting formulated the Arab consensus that formed the basis of the policies of most Arab states participating in the conflict with Israel until the Yom Kippur War of 1973. The resolution adopted September 1, 1967 called for the continued struggle against Israel, the creation of a fund to assist the economics of Egypt and Jordan, the lifting of an Arab oil boycott against the West and a new agreement to end the war in Yemen.
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